In order to navigate the choice of treatment methods for this disease, it is necessary to have a clear understanding of what constitutes varicose veins and what causes the onset of the disease. So, varicose veins is a serious disease, the end result of which is stretching and enlargement of the veins and blood vessels of the circulatory system with an irreversible course.
As a result of the thinning of the walls and their expansion, in this scenario, the formation of nodes can be observed on the veins, characterized by the presence of insufficiency of vascular valves due to genetic pathology. As for the prescription of detection of varicose veins, its external manifestations were noticed relatively long ago. Renowned physicians such as Hippocrates and Galena have made repeated attempts to cure vein disease, but unfortunately they have not been successful.
Today, this disease is one of the most common. This is due to a number of reasons, which include the very nature of the occurrence of varicose veins. Provoking factors contributing to the appearance of varicose veins are:
- hereditary predisposition
- taking hormonal drugs
- pregnancy
- overweight and obesity
- lack of physical activity and maintaining a sedentary lifestyle
Ultimately, the disease leads to an increase in venous pressure and a breakdown in the functional characteristics of the venous valves. As a result of this, a slow, chaotic blood flow is caused, in which it stagnates in the veins and blood vessels. The venous walls eventually begin to stretch, become thin, and the vessels become deformed.
As complications of the disease, there are manifestations such as a disturbed process of blood flow in the veins of the legs. Over time, they begin to act as the causes of the aggravation and development of this disease, greatly increasing the pressure on the venous system. Very often, especially in the female half of the population, the appearance of varicose veins is explained by hormonal disruptions.
Modern methods of treatment of varicose veins
Thanks to many years of research on the problem, scientists and professors of medicine have managed to develop many methods and methods for treating varicose veins. Modern methods of treatment of varicose veins should be used in strict accordance with the severity of the disease. Although in the advanced stage there are several treatment options leading to the same goal: the elimination of stretched vascular tissue in various ways.
At the initial stage, it is advisable to use an integrated approach to the process, including an increase in physical activity, therapeutic exercises, wearing products of their compression stockings in order to tighten superficial manifestations, organizing rest and work activity taking into account the disease.
It should be noted that varicose veins are most often affected by the lower extremities, although the disease can also manifest itself in other parts of the human body, for example, in the stomach, esophagus, pelvis, ovary and spermatic cord. Often, in addition to preventive measures, patients require more radical treatment. The most commonly used methods at the present stage include:
- Surgical treatment of varicose veins of the legs
- Hirudotherapy - treatment with leeches
- Sclerotherapy - the introduction of a special liquid composition into the vessel
- Leg vein laser treatment
- radiofrequency ablation
- drug therapy
- elastic compression
Surgical treatment of varicose veins
Surgical treatment is a radical method used in the presence of varicose veins in the legs. Surgical intervention in modern clinics is performed at a sufficiently high level, which makes it possible not to be in the hospital after treatment.
In addition, depending on the desire of the patient, anesthesia can be both general and local in nature, in which it is possible to be fully conscious during the operation. Among the main surgical methods of treatment, it is possible to distinguish the following:
- sclerotherapy method. It is produced by introducing a special agent, as a result of which a scar is formed on the necessary area of the stretched vein. This technique is acceptable for venous expansion of small and moderate severity. Its main advantages include the fact that the procedure is easily tolerated, performed under local anesthesia and leads to the desired result when performed correctly. In some cases, a repeat operation is required until the pathology disappears completely.
- treatment with laser surgery. This technique is effective for any varicose veins. The affected vein is irradiated with a laser from the inside through a light guide inserted into it, which is connected to the laser. The whole process is controlled by an ultrasound machine. After processing the intended vein with a laser, its walls are glued together. Over time, the vein undergoes complete disappearance. The advantage of this technique is that it is practically bloodless without incisions in the upper layer of the epidermis and soft tissues. With the help of laser surgery, it is relatively easy to eliminate all stretched and damaged veins and vessels and even heal trophic ulcers.
- removal of the vein by direct surgery. Surgery for varicose veins in the legs involves making small incisions in the skin and soft tissues underneath to get to the necessary veins. Damaged veins are removed and bandaged internally. Like any complex operation, the technique is applied with the obligatory use of anesthesia. It is advisable to perform operations on large veins with a large diameter
- elimination of varicose veins with the help of outpatient phlebectomy. The technique is applicable for veins with a small diameter. It is performed by making the necessary skin incisions using local anesthesia. The main advantage of the operation is that the resulting scars become almost invisible after a while.
- removal of deformed veins using endoscopic equipment. The technique has found its application in the presence of pathological ulcerative formations on the skin. A microscopic video camera is inserted directly into the inside of the vessel, through which it is possible to see the vein from the inside and monitor the operation. The vein is taken out under supervision through the entered camera.
Conservative treatments for varicose veins
Conducting conservative treatment of varicose veins without surgery has not lost its relevance along with progressive radical methods.
One of the most effective means is elastic compression. Wearing tights made of special knitwear ensures the correct distribution of pressure on the affected areas of the legs.
Such a measure contributes to the normalization of the circulation capabilities of the blood, improving its outflow. Elastic dense tissue performs the function of a supporting frame, as a result of which the load on the vessels is reduced and the progression of the disease is prevented.
In this scenario, the possible risk of blood clots is reduced. At the moment, therapeutic and preventive knitwear is produced. Depending on the degree and form of varicose veins, wearing products with a certain impact force is prescribed.
It is highly recommended to use this technique for people who lead a sedentary lifestyle, pregnant women, those who are genetically predisposed to the possibility of the appearance of this disease, as well as in the presence of visible minor manifestations.
The use of drug therapy is used today as ancillary measures based on surgical treatment. With the help of drugs, it is possible to significantly alleviate the patient's condition and reduce negative manifestations, such as pain, swelling, the appearance of discomfort and convulsions.
Of great importance here is the correct selection of funds, which will provide an integrated approach to the implementation of therapeutic measures and achieve the desired effect. The drug is able to neutralize the active process of intravascular inflammation, significantly reduce the permeability of the walls of blood vessels and improve venous tone.
The question of when it is better to start treating varicose veins can be answered: it is necessary to start therapeutic measures the sooner the better, at the first signs of the manifestation of the disease.